The impact of information technology on developing leadership skills of sports coaches A field study of football coaches in Algeria
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study investigates how IT impacts the leadership abilities of football coaches in Algeria. Employing a descriptive-analytical method, it surveyed 58 coaches using a structured questionnaire to evaluate IT adoption and leadership competencies, results show a strong positive link between IT use and improved leadership skills, especially in communication and motivation, driven by reliance on smart devices and digital training, however, skills like planning, decision-making, and problem-solving showed only moderate proficiency, highlighting areas for growth, the findings suggest IT can transform sports leadership and recommend enhanced digital training and infrastructure limitations, including limited effects from sports software and communication networks, call for further research to refine IT integration in coaching.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Adewumi, A., Ewim, S. E., Sam-Bulya, N. J., & Ajani, O. B. (2024). Strategic innovation in business models: Leveraging emerging technologies to gain a competitive advantage. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(10), 3372-3398. https://doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v6i10.1639
Adie, J. W., Duda, J. L., & Ntoumanis, N. (2012). Perceived coach-autonomy support, basic need satisfaction and the well-and ill-being of elite youth soccer players: A longitudinal investigation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(1), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.07.008
Al Khajeh, E. H. (2018). Impact of leadership styles on organizational performance. Journal of human resources management research, 2018(2018), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5171/2018.687849
Ausat, A. M. A., Suherlan, S., Peirisal, T., & Hirawan, Z. (2022). The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Commitment and Work Performance. Journal of Leadership in Organizations, 4(4), 61-82. https://doi.org/10.22146/jlo.71846
Avolio, B. J., Sosik, J. J., Kahai, S. S., & Baker, B. (2014). E-leadership: Re-examining transformations in leadership source and transmission. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(1), 105-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2013.11.003
Baca, A., Dabnichki, P., Heller, M., & Kornfeind, P. (2009). Ubiquitous computing in sports: A review and analysis. Journal of sports sciences, 27(12), 1335-1346. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903277427
Balaguer, I., González, L., Fabra, P., Castillo, I., Mercé, J., & Duda, J. L. (2012). Coaches' interpersonal style, basic psychological needs and the well-and ill-being of young soccer players: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of sports sciences, 30(15), 1619-1629. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.731517
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership. (2nd ed.). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410617095
Ben Khedim, O., & Layadi, I. (2024). The reality of applying information technology in the Directorate of Youth and Sports a case study of the Youth and Sports Directorate in the state of (Souk Ahras), Sport System journal. 11(1), 503-479.
Bennett, B., & Szedlak, C. (2024). Aligning online and remote coaching with the digital age: Novel perspectives for an emerging field of research and practice. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 19(2), 882-893. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541231217077
Bideau, B., Kulpa, R., Vignais, N., Brault, S., Multon, F., & Craig, C. M. (2009). Using virtual reality to analyze sports performance. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 30(2), 14-21. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2009.134
Bridgeman, J., & Giraldez-Hayes, A. (2024). Using artificial intelligence-enhanced video feedback for reflective practice in coach development: benefits and potential drawbacks. Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice, 17(1), 32-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/17521882.2023.2228416
Brown, B. (2018). Dare to lead: Brave work. Tough conversations. Whole hearts. Random house. New York. USA.
Cacioppe, R. (1998). An integrated model and approach for the design of effective leadership development programs. Leadership & organization development journal, 19(1), 44-53. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437739810368820
Changgui He, Chao Ye. (2016). Application of computer technology in sports training and competition. In International Conference on Education, Management and Computing Technology (ICEMCT-16) (pp. 285-288). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/icemct-16.2016.59
Chen, R. S. (2014). Computer Aided Sports Technology in Physical Training. Advanced Materials Research, 926, 2426-2429. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.926-930.2426
Cherubini, J. (2019). Strategies and communication skills in sports coaching. In M. H. Anshel, T. A. Petrie, & J. A. Steinfeldt (Eds.), APA handbook of sport and exercise psychology: Sport psychology (pp. 451-467). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000123-023
Cope, E., Alsowayen, M., Hosawi, S., Turkistani, A., & Cushion, C. J. (2024). Exploring the impact of a coach development programme through the perspectives of Saudi Arabian sport coaches. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2024.2319063
Cotterill, S. T., & Fransen, K. (2016). Athlete leadership in sport teams: Current understanding and future directions. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 9(1), 116-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2015.1124443
Cotterill, S., Cheetham, R., & Fransen, K. (2019). Professional rugby coaches' perceptions of the role of the team captain. The Sport Psychologist, 33(4), 276-284. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2018-0094
Covey, S. R. (2020). The 7 habits of highly effective people. Simon & Schuster. New York. USA.
Cranmer, G. A., & Myers, S. A. (2015). Sports teams as organizations: A leader-member exchange perspective of player communication with coaches and teammates. Communication & Sport, 3(1), 100-118. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479513520487
Davis, L., Jowett, S., and Tafvelin, S. (2019). Communication strategies: The fuel for quality coach-athlete relationships and athlete satisfaction. Front. Psychol. 10:2156. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02156
de Albuquerque, L. R., Scheeren, E. M., Vagetti, G. C., & de Oliveira, V. (2021). Influence of the Coach's Method and Leadership Profile on the Positive Development of Young Players in Team Sports. Journal of sports science & medicine, 20(1), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2021.9
Diakogeorgiou, E., Ray, R. R., Brown, S., Hertel, J., & Casa, D. J. (2021). The evolution of the athletic training profession. Kinesiology Review, 10(3), 308-318. https://doi.org/10.1123/kr.2021-0027
Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random house Publishing Group. New York. USA.
Fiedler, F. E. (1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness, McGraw-Hill. New York. USA.
Fransen, K., Vanbeselaere, N., De Cuyper, B., Vande Broek, G., & Boen, F. (2014). The myth of the team captain as principal leader: Extending the athlete leadership classification within sport teams. Journal of sports sciences, 32(14), 1389-1397. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.891291
García, D. S., Sánchez, L. F. R., Carrasco, J. O. L., & Barradas, E. Y. F. (2024). Being a competent coach and authentic leader influences the fulfillment of the athlete's basic psychological needs. E-balonmano com Journal Sports Science, 20(2), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.20.135
Gockel, C., & Werth, L. (2011). Measuring and modeling shared leadership. Journal of Personnel Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000023
Goleman, D. (2017). Leadership that gets results. In Leadership perspectives (pp. 85-96). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315250601-9
Grady, B. (2023). The role of information technology in enhancing sport psychology interventions for athlete development and performance optimization. Revista de Psicología del Deporte (Journal of Sport Psychology, 32(4), 41-50.
Hardy, J. T., Eys, M. A., Loughead, T. M., & Hardy, J. (2007). Athlete leadership dispersion and satisfaction in interactive sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8(3), 281-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2006.04.005
Hickman, L., & Akdere, M. (2018). Effective leadership development in information technology: Building transformational and emergent leaders. Industrial and Commercial Training, 50(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-06-2017-0039
Honchar, С.. (2024). Structural model of professional training of coach-instructors using innovative educational technologies in the field of physical culture and sports. Вісник Черкаського Університету, 4, 54-61. https://doi.org/10.31651/2524-2660-2024-4-54-61
Ichsan, R. N., Nasution, L., Sinaga, S., & Marwan, D. (2021). The influence of leadership styles, organizational changes on employee performance with an environment work as an intervening variable at pt. Bank sumut binjai branch. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government. Vol, 27(2), 259. https://doi.org/10.47750/cibg.2021.27.02.032
Isaacson, S. (2021). How to thrive as a coach in a digital world: Coaching with technology. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
Kane, G. C., Phillips, A. N., Copulsky, J., & Andrus, G. (2019). How digital leadership is (n't) different. MIT Sloan management review, 60(3), 34-39.
Kasper, K. (2019). Sports training principles. Current sports medicine reports, 18(4), 95-96. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000576
Kotter P. John. (2012). Leading change. Harvard business press. USA. https://doi.org/10.15358/9783800646159
Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2006). The leadership challenge (Vol. 3). John Wiley & Sons. CA. USA.
Krishna Murthy, K. K., & Khan, S. (2024). Leadership in technology: strategies for effective global IT operations management. Available at SSRN 4983681. 3(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.36676/jqst.v1.i3.23
Kroll, A. (2015). Drivers of performance information use: Systematic literature review and directions for future research. Public Performance & Management Review, 38(3), 459-486. https://doi.org/10.1080/15309576.2015.1006469
Langdon, J., Van Arkel, J., & Greene, K. (2023). Exploring Virtual Coach Education in USA Lacrosse. International Sport Coaching Journal, 10(3), 399-409. https://doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2022-0034
Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2004). Management information systems: Managing the digital firm. Pearson Educación. Mexico.
Leeder, T. M., Beaumont, L. C., & Maloney, C. M. (2023). Understanding the impact of an online level 1 coach education award on dodgeball coaches' learning and practice. International Sport Coaching Journal, 10(3), 373-386. https://doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2022-0072
Liao, C. (2017). Leadership in virtual teams: A multilevel perspective. Human resource management review, 27(4), 648-659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2016.12.010
Luczak, T., Burch, R., Lewis, E., Chander, H., & Ball, J. (2020). State-of-the-art review of athletic wearable technology: What 113 strength and conditioning coaches and athletic trainers from the USA said about technology in sports. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 15(1), 26-40. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954119885244
Ma, S. (2024). Integrating sports education with data analysis and computer technology: A new paradigm for enhanced athletic performance. Applied and Computational Engineering, 57, 178-183. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/57/20241330
Mahdi, N. S. (2019). The influence of information technology (IT) on organization leadership and performance. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN), 7(4), 1618-1625. https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v7i4.858
Majumdarr, S., Dasgupta, S.A., Hassan, Y., Behl, A. and Pereira, V. (2024), "Linking digital transformational leadership, symmetrical internal communication with innovation capability: a moderated mediation model", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-12-2023-1167
Martin, D., Swanton, A., McGrath, D., & Bradley, J. (2017). The use, integration and value of performance analysis to GAA coaches. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 12(2), 492-501. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2017.12.Proc2.02
Mears, A. (2019). Investigating the effectiveness of digital technology for elite athlete development and support from athlete, coach and support team perspectives: Final report for the IOC Olympic Studies Centre Advanced Olympic Research Grant Programme 2018/2019 Award. Retrieved from [Accessed 2025, June 18]: https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/report/Investigating_the_effectiveness_of_digital_technology_for_elite_athlete_development_and_support_from_athlete_coach_and_support_team_perspectives_Final_report_for_the_IOC_Olympic_Studies_Centre_Advanced_Olympic_Research_Grant_Programme_2018_/9912725
Megheirkouni, M., & Mejheirkouni, A. (2020). Leadership development trends and challenges in the twenty-first century: rethinking the priorities. Journal of Management Development, 39(1), 97-124. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-04-2019-0114
Mencarini, E., Rapp, A., Tirabeni, L., & Zancanaro, M. (2019). Designing wearable systems for sports: a review of trends and opportunities in human-computer interaction. IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, 49(4), 314-325. https://doi.org/10.1109/THMS.2019.2919702
Mohammed, A. H., Othman, Z. J., & Abdullah, A. I. (2024). The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Sports Analytics and Training. Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal, 8(1), 58-62. https://doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.v8n1y2024.pp58-62
Nae, I. C. (2024). The Intersection of Sports with Technological Evolution. Marathon, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.24818/mrt.24.16.01.04
Parra Camacho, D., Fernández Piqueras, R., & Ballester Esteve, I. (2023). Influence of teaching digital competence and professional competencies on the professional performance of the soccer coach. Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, (99), 43-54. https://doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2023-0012
Passfield, L., & Hopker, J. G. (2017). A mine of information: can sports analytics provide wisdom from your data?. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 12(7), 851-855. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0644
Pawar, S., & Dhumal, V. (2024). The role of technology in transforming leadership management practices. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 7(4), 2024066. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2024066
Rajasekaran, M., Sekar, S., Manikandaprabhu, K., Vijayakumar, R., Rajmohan, M., & Murugan, S. (2024, October). Next-Gen Coaching: IoT and Linear Regression for Adaptive Training Load Management. In 2024 8th International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud)(I-SMAC) (pp. 224-229). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/I-SMAC61858.2024.10714605
Reyaz, N., Ahamad, G., Naseem, M., Ali, J., & Rahmani, K. I. (2023). Information communication and technology in sports: A meticulous review. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5, 1199333. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1199333
Russell, S. J., & Norvig, P. (2016). Artificial intelligence: a modern approach. pearson. UK.
Sampaio, J. E., Coutinho, D., & Gonçalves, B. (2019). Performance analysis in football. Actividad física y deporte: ciencia y profesión, (31), 14-14.
Seibert, S. E., Sparrowe, R. T., & Liden, R. C. (2003). A group exchange structure approach to leadership in groups. Shared leadership: Reframing the hows and whys of leadership, 173-192. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452229539.n8
Sinek, S. (2014). Leaders eat last: Why some teams pull together and others don't. Penguin. UK.
Sivulca, A. D., Abrudan, M. M., Sala, D. C., & Bibu, N. (2024). Navigational dynamics in the digital age: digital leadership and e-leadership in organizational transformation. Analele Universităţii Din Oradea, 33(1), 618-625. https://doi.org/10.47535/1991AUOES33(1)068
Soto Garcia, D., García Herrero, J. A., Carcedo, R. J., & Sánchez García, M. (2021). The impact of an authentic sports leadership program for coach. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 701134. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.701134
Sperlich, B., Düking, P., Leppich, R., & Holmberg, H. C. (2023). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with the application of artificial intelligence in connection with sport research, coaching, and optimization of athletic performance: a brief SWOT analysis. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5, 1258562. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1258562
Suyudi, I. (2023). The Digital Revolution in Sports: Analyzing the Impact of Information Technology on Athlete Training and Management. Golden Ratio of Mapping Idea and Literature Format, 3(2), 140-155. https://doi.org/10.52970/grmilf.v3i2.343
Suyudi, I. (2023). The Digital Revolution in Sports: Analyzing the Impact of Information Technology on Athlete Training and Management. Golden Ratio of Mapping Idea and Literature Format, 3(2), 140-155. https://doi.org/10.52970/grmilf.v3i2.343
Swart, K., Bond-Barnard, T., & Chugh, R. (2022). Challenges and critical success factors of digital communication, collaboration and knowledge sharing in project management virtual teams: a review. International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management, 10(4), 84-103. https://doi.org/10.12821/ijispm100404
Tan, L. Q. W., & O'Connor, D. (2022). Coaches' perspectives of the continuing coach education program in the development of quality coach education in Singapore. International Sport Coaching Journal, 10(2), 230-243. https://doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2021-0070
Turner, J. H. (2006). Handbook of sociological theory. Springer. New York. USA.
Turner, R. H. (2002). Role theory. In J. H. Turner (Ed.), Handbook of sociological theory (pp. 233-254). Springer. USA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-36274-6_12
Van der Horst, M. (2016). Role theory. In Oxford Bibliographies in Sociology. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199756384-0175
Venugopal, S. "Big Data - Enhancement in Sports : Exploring the Impact of Technology Integration," 2023 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI), Coimbatore, India, 2023, pp. 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCI56745.2023.10128427
Weill, P., & Broadbent, M. (1998). Leveraging the new infrastructure: how market leaders capitalize on information technology. Harvard Business Press. USA.
Yukl, G. (2012). Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention. Academy of Management perspectives, 26(4), 66-85. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2012.0088
Zen, A., Yanti, S., Hutomo, M. R., Kraugusteeliana, K., & Arisutama, H. Y. (2023). The Role of Leadership in Managing Organisational Culture Change in the Context of Information Technology Implementation. Jurnal Minfo Polgan, 12(1), 1247-1255. https://doi.org/10.33395/jmp.v12i1.12697